# Rust
## ๐งพ Overview
Rust provides performance, memory safety, and predictable resource usage for APIs, workers, and bots. Install with `rustup` to manage toolchains locally before deploying.
***
## ๐ฅ Installation (choose your OS)
{% tabs %}
{% tab title="๐ช Windows" %}
{% tabs %}
{% tab title="rustup-init (Official)" %}
{% stepper %}
{% step %}
Download the installer: (or run command below in PowerShell)
{% endstep %}
{% step %}
Run and accept defaults (installs to user profile).
{% endstep %}
{% endstepper %}
{% endtab %}
{% tab title="Alternative (PowerShell):" %}
```bash
irm https://win.rustup.rs -UseBasicParsing | iex
```
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}
#### Verify
```bash
rustc --version
cargo --version
```
#### Update Toolchain
```bash
rustup update
```
{% endtab %}
{% tab title="๐ง Linux" %}
Install via rustup script:
```bash
curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh
source ~/.cargo/env
rustc --version
cargo --version
```
#### Add Build Essentials (Debian/Ubuntu)
```bash
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y build-essential pkg-config libssl-dev
```
#### Update
```bash
rustup update
```
#### Remove Toolchain
```bash
rustup self uninstall
```
{% endtab %}
{% tab title="๐ macOS" %}
Install with rustup:
```bash
curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh
source ~/.cargo/env
rustc --version
cargo --version
```
Add build tools (if not present):
```bash
xcode-select --install # prompts for developer tools
```
Update:
```bash
rustup update
```
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}
***
## ๐งฐ Toolchains & Components
{% stepper %}
{% step %}
List installed
```bash
rustup toolchain list
```
{% endstep %}
{% step %}
Add nightly (optional)
```bash
rustup toolchain install nightly
```
{% endstep %}
{% step %}
Set default
```bash
rustup default stable
```
{% endstep %}
{% step %}
Add components (example)
```bash
rustup component add clippy rustfmt
```
{% endstep %}
{% endstepper %}
***
## ๐ Project Init
Create new project:
```bash
cargo new myapp
cd myapp
cargo build
```
Run:
```bash
cargo run
```
Format & lint:
```bash
cargo fmt -- --check
cargo clippy -- -D warnings
```
***
## ๐ Common Cargo Commands
```bash
cargo new api-service # create binary project
cargo build --release # optimized build
cargo run # build + run
cargo test # run tests
cargo update # update dependency lock
cargo tree # dependency graph (requires cargo-tree)
cargo doc --open # build docs locally
```
Install cargo tree (if missing):
```bash
cargo install cargo-tree
```
***
## ๐ฆ Dependency Management
Dependencies declared in [`Cargo.toml`](/en/development-environment/supported-languages/rust/cargo.toml.md) under `[dependencies]`:
```toml
[dependencies]
reqwest = { version = "0.12", features = ["json"] }
serde = { version = "1", features = ["derive"] }
tokio = { version = "1", features = ["rt-multi-thread", "macros"] }
```
Update lockfile:
```bash
cargo update
```
***
## ๐ Updating
```bash
rustup update # update all toolchains
rustup self update # update rustup itself
```
---
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